Two different percutaneous arterial access approaches have been used for HAIC: the first approach entails the use of implantable port-catheter systems, and the second approach involves repeated hepatic artery catheterization.
两种不同的经皮动脉通路方法已被用于HAIC：第一种方法需要使用植入式港-导管系统，第二种方法涉及重复肝动脉置管。
Implantable systems were commonly applied in previous decades [68].
植入系统在前几十年[68]被普遍应用。
Traditionally, these systems were surgically implanted under general anesthesia, but recently, they have also been implanted through minimally invasive procedures [69].
传统上，这些系统是在全身麻醉下通过手术植入的，但最近，它们也通过微创手术[69]植入。
For implantable port-catheter systems, the HAIC approach is more convenient for both patients and physicians, but the use of implanted devices also increases the risk of infection and vascular complications.
对于可植入的端港-导管系统，HAIC方法对患者和医生都更方便，但植入设备的使用也增加了感染和血管并发症的风险。
By contrast, repeated percutaneous catheterization offers the opportunity to reposition of the microcatheter tips in response to possible developments or changes in tumor angiogenesis.
相比之下，重复经皮导管插入术提供了重新定位微导管尖端的机会，以应对肿瘤血管生成的可能的发展或变化。
However, repeated invasive procedures are also accompanied by risks such as catheter occlusion, hepatic artery obstruction, hematoma, and puncture site infection [70].
然而，重复的有创手术也伴有导管闭塞、肝动脉阻塞、血肿和穿刺部位感染[70]等风险。
Vascular complication rate was approximately 10% in implanted port system and was reported to be less in repeated invasive procedures [47].
植入港-导管系统的血管并发症发生率约为10%，据报道重复侵入性手术[47]的发生率较低。
We also observed a trend toward the use of repeated catheterization approach in recent HAIC trial designs.[44,46,47,53,54]
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