常染色体显性遗传多囊肝病(autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease,ADPLA),简称多囊肝(polycystic liver disease,PCLD 或PLD),是一种临床少见的成人常染色体显性遗传疾病。 被Gigot 等【1】依据影像学表现提议多发性肝囊肿分为三型 I 型:<10个大的囊肿,囊肿直径>10厘米 II 型 多发的中间大小的囊肿弥漫性侵入肝实质,但仍有较大的非囊肿肝实质。 III 弥漫性小-中间大小的囊肿侵润肝实质,囊肿间仍有少量的肝实质。III 型是最严重的肝囊肿类型。 仅有不到10%的肝囊肿有诸如腹胀、腹疼和肝明显增大等不适。个别的病例有下腔静脉、肝静脉及胆道压迫症状以及消化道出血、腹水和黄疸。囊肿还可以反复出血和感染。 传统治疗: 外科治疗包括:外科开窗术、腹腔镜开窗术、部分肝切除+开窗术和肝移植。外科广泛开窗术创伤大,有些囊壁坚硬的病人减压效果不理想,特别是II 和III 型病例效果不好。腹腔镜开窗术,对于I 型病例,囊肿位于肝边缘的效果较好【2】。肝移植虽然是一种疗效较好的方法,但受限于供体短缺。 经皮穿刺囊肿和囊肿硬化治疗。创伤小、恢复快,但短期复发情况常见。 肝动脉栓塞治疗多囊肝来自于肾动脉栓塞治疗多囊肾[【3,4】的思路,囊肿由发育良好的肾动脉供血。在取得一定的多囊肾动脉栓塞经验后,有些作者开始尝试治疗多囊肝【5,6】
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