肾动脉瘤存在很多的病因,影像学和受累动脉位置不同病因也不尽相同。
真性动脉瘤:通常和遗传因素相关,动脉瘤瘤壁包括动脉全层,可以使梭形或囊性表现,90%的病例为肾实质外动脉瘤【11】。
假性动脉瘤:动脉壁不包括动脉全层,通常是获得性的,多为囊性表现,或为肾实质内动脉瘤或实质外动脉瘤。
肾实质动脉瘤[16]:是发生在肾实质内的真性或假性动脉瘤。因为其处理主要依赖肾切除或瘤囊内填塞技术所以作为特殊的分类。
有关肾动脉瘤病因的另一种描述 肾动脉瘤或/和肾实质动脉瘤通常继发于与肾血管网相关的Ehlers-Danlos syndrome疾病和损伤,包括 动脉硬化(arteriosclerosis) 纤维肌性发育不良(Fibromuscular dysplasia ,FMD) 畸形(malformations) 血管瘤病(hemangiomatosis) 结节性多动脉炎(polyarteritis nodosa) 反复经皮实质内导管治疗(recurrent percutaneous intraparenchymal catheterization) 肾癌剜除术(enucleoresection for renal cell cancer) 肾穿刺伤(renal stab wounds)
经皮肾结石取出术(percuatenous procedures for kidney stone disease )
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