颅内动脉瘤破裂的自然死亡率及致残率高达65%以上,主要原因是出血本身、再出血及脑血管痉挛。而再出血多发生在第一次出血后7d内,且迟发性脑血管痉挛也多始发于这一时期[1]。再出血后的死亡盛高达50%, 因而动脉瘤破裂出血后的3天内是治疗的最佳时机,是进行血管内栓塞治疗的第一时间窗,大部分患者尚未出现或仅有轻度脑血管痉挛,在此时进行血管内栓塞治疗可最大限度地防止危险性更高的二次破裂[2]。尽早地从循环中孤立动脉瘤是唯一有效地预防再出血的方法[3]。 早期(3 d)内)处理动脉瘤,不但能有效地防止动咏瘤再次出血,而且为早期防治脑血管痉挛创造了条件。且合并严重全身性疾病并不影响介人治疗[4]。急性期成功栓塞动脉瘤后可较为安全地对网膜下腔出血进行引流或开颅清除颅内血肿。 1. Kassell N, Torner JC, Haley EC Jr, et al. The international cooperative study on the timing of aneurysm surgery. Part 1: Overall management results [J]. J Neurosurg, 1990, 73 11: 18-36. 2. Raymmond J,Roy D,Bojanowski M,et al.Endovascular treatment of acutely ruptured and unruptured aneurysms of basilar bifurcation.J Neurosurg,1997,86:2112219. 3. Virgil BG, Charles MS, Thomas AD, et al. Early treatment of ruputured aneurysms with Guglielmi detachable coils: effect on subsequent bleeding [J]. Neurosurgery, 1995, 37141: 640-648. 4. Lempert TE, Malek AM, Halbach VV, et al. Endovascular treatment of ruptured posterior circulation cerebral aneurysms. Clinical and angiographic outcome [J]. Stroke, 2000, 3 (1): 100-110. |